Bartow County, Georgia is a small but significant county located in the northwestern part of the state. It is home to a diverse population and a rich history that dates back centuries. From Native American settlements to the Civil War, Bartow County has played a crucial role in shaping the state of Georgia and the United States as a whole.
The Early Inhabitants
The history of Bartow County begins with its earliest inhabitants, the Native American tribes who called this land home for thousands of years. The Cherokee and Creek tribes were the most prominent in this area, and their presence can still be seen today through various landmarks and artifacts. One of the most significant sites in Bartow County is Etowah Indian Mounds, which was once a thriving Native American village.This site is now a National Historic Landmark and offers visitors a glimpse into the lives of these early inhabitants through its well-preserved mounds and artifacts. Another important site is New Echota, which was the capital of the Cherokee Nation from 1825 to 1838. It was here that the infamous Trail of Tears began, as thousands of Cherokee were forced to leave their homes and relocate to Oklahoma. Today, New Echota is a state historic site that allows visitors to learn about this dark chapter in American history.
The Civil War
Like many other parts of Georgia, Bartow County played a significant role in the Civil War. The county was home to several important battles, including the Battle of Allatoona Pass and the Battle of Cassville.The Battle of Allatoona Pass took place in October 1864 and was a crucial victory for the Union army. The Confederate army attempted to capture the railroad pass at Allatoona, but they were ultimately unsuccessful.Today, visitors can explore the battlefield and learn about this important moment in the Civil War. The Battle of Cassville, which took place in May 1864, was also a significant event in Bartow County's history. It was one of the first major battles of General Sherman's Atlanta Campaign and resulted in a Confederate victory. However, the town of Cassville was burned to the ground shortly after the battle, leaving behind only a few historic buildings that still stand today.
The Rise of Industry
After the Civil War, Bartow County experienced a period of growth and prosperity. The arrival of the railroad in the late 1800s brought new opportunities for trade and commerce, leading to the development of several small towns within the county. One of these towns was Cartersville, which became a hub for textile manufacturing in the early 20th century.The city's cotton mills provided jobs for many residents and helped boost the local economy. Today, Cartersville is home to several museums and historic sites that showcase its industrial past. Another important industry in Bartow County was mining. The county is rich in natural resources, including iron ore and marble, which were mined extensively in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The town of Emerson was once home to one of the largest iron mines in the state, and remnants of this industry can still be seen today.
Modern-Day Bartow County
Today, Bartow County continues to thrive as a diverse and vibrant community.Its rich history is celebrated through various events and festivals throughout the year, including the annual Rose Lawn Arts Festival and the Georgia State Fair.The county is also home to several museums and historic sites, such as the Bartow History Museum and the Booth Western Art Museum, which offer visitors a deeper understanding of the county's past. From its early Native American inhabitants to its role in the Civil War and its rise as an industrial center, Bartow County has a fascinating history that is waiting to be explored. Whether you are a history buff or simply looking for a unique travel destination, this county in Georgia has something for everyone.
